Parental smoking status was assessed using the question: Do your parents smoke tobacco?, with response options of Neither, Father only, Mother only, and Both. Tobacco advertisement exposure was defined as a response of Yes to any of the following questions: During the past 30 days, did you see any people using tobacco on TV, in videos, or in movies?, During the past 30 days, did you see any advertisements or promotions for tobacco products at points of sale (such as stores, shops, kiosks, super markets, market, restaurant, shops, convenient stores, etc.)?, and Do you have something (for example, t-shirt, pen, backpack) with a tobacco product brand logo on it?. Anti-tobacco advertisement exposure was defined as a response of Yes to any of the following questions: During the past 30 days, did you see or hear any anti-tobacco media messages on television, radio, internet, billboards, posters, newspapers, magazines, or movies? and During the past 30 days, did you see or hear any anti-tobacco messages at sports events, fairs, concerts, or community events, or social gatherings?. Being taught about dangers of tobacco use was defined as a response of Yes to the question: During the past 12 months, were you taught in any of your classes about the dangers of tobacco use?. The year of a country ratified World Health Organization Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (WHO FCTC) was obtained from the WHO website
An office desk works
We used a combination of inductive and deductive methods for thematic analysis
PMC 11285303
Organised criminals are actively involved in the illicit tobacco market
