Wehrli, Ph.D., a professor of radiologic science and biophysics and the studys principal investigator, comments on the findings
Previous studies have indicated that an extract of cigarette smoke induces biofilm formation in various bacterial species and that nicotine enhances biofilm formation by Streptococcus mutants , Streptococcus gordonii and Staphylococcus epidermidis 17,23,24,25
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"In relative terms, this is a 50 percent increase." The volunteers came to the clinic with their own cigarette and the researchers put the stickers on