Vancomycin nephrotoxicity has been associated with high-dosage, extended duration of use, or combination therapies with other nephrotoxic drugs (Gupta 2011)
PubMed Blonde, L., Umpierrez, G.E., Reddy, S.S., McGill, J.B., Berga, S.L., Bush, M., et al
Contraindications: Not for use in individuals with a history of cancer, those who are pregnant or breastfeeding, or anyone under 18
In contrast, a subgroup of patients with paternally inherited recessive mutations in ABCC8/KCNJ11 may have focal disease, potentially curable by surgical excision of a solitary lesion
However, the clinical transformation of natural peptides is limited by stability and delivery efficiency, while synthetic peptides need to solve the problems of species-specific differences and long-term safety verification