A nutrient can be absorbed perfectly well, but still have poor bioavailability if: the liver uses a large portion immediately, the nutrient breaks down quickly in the bloodstream, it isnt stored properly, it cant enter cells efficiently, it isnt chemically active by the time it arrives, its used rapidly during stress, inflammation, or detoxification
Tranexamic acid is more targeted toward reducing hyperpigmentation, while Vitamin C is better suited for general skin health and reducing all visible signs of ageing, which includes pigmentation
Disorder of Glutathione Metabolism
(4) If youre taking B12 orally, sublingual B12 is effective because it bypasses absorption in the stomach, meaning you dont need sufficient levels of intrinsic factor to absorb it
ola, M., Skroza, N., Mangino, G., krti, A., Seiwerth, S., & Sikiric, P