Improves skin elasticity and firmness
Introduction Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a genetic disorder that disproportionally affects people of African descent ( Intravascular hemolysis, a critical contributor to vaso-occlusive crises---the principal pathological manifestation of SCD---refers to the destruction of red blood cells (RBCs) within the blood vessels (Van Avondt et al., 2019)
3.4.3 Energy status and oxidative stress balance In OA lesions, synovial inflammation and cartilage degeneration reduce local nutrient availability and oxygen levels, compelling cells to adapt their energy-generating modes (104)
When oxidative stress occurs, due to factors like pollution, poor diet, and stress, the balance between free radicals and antioxidants is disrupted, leading to cellular damage
Therefore, optimizing the radiation dose, enhancing tumor radiosensitivity and minimizing toxic side effects remain critical challenges yet unresolved in the field of radiotherapy (18,19)
