Avoid excess heat
Upon tissue disruption, danger-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) Such as extracellular ATP, high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), and uric acid crystals are released from damaged cells [26, 27], while PAMPs from the wound microbiome including lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from Gram-negative bacteria, lipoteichoic acid from Gram-positive bacteria, and bacterial DNA-are detected by pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) such as NLRP3, AIM2, or NLRC4 [28]
additionally, a rat model of ligature-induced periodontitis was shown to induce systemic inflammation and microglial activation, with inflammatory factors, IL-1, IL-6, IL-8, and IL-21, elevated in the peripheral blood and brain (Hu et al., 2021)
No.: CD007411
Originally identified in human plasma, GHK readily binds copper (II) ions to form the biologically active GHK-Cu complex, which has been extensively studied across regenerative biology, including skin physiology, connective tissue maintenance, wound healing and healthy ageing